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Prevention & Lifestyle

Cardiac Medication Management

Understanding your heart medications is essential for getting the most benefit while staying safe.

General Medication Safety

Critical Safety Rules

  • Never stop taking heart medications without talking to your doctor first
  • • Don't skip doses — set reminders if needed
  • • Tell every healthcare provider about all your medications
  • • Ask before taking any new medications, supplements, or OTC drugs

Antiplatelet Medications

Aspirin

Prevents blood platelets from clumping together and forming clots.

Common doses: 81mg (baby aspirin) or 325mg
Typical use: Daily, often lifelong after stent/heart attack
Side effects: Stomach upset, increased bleeding risk. Take with food if needed.

P2Y12 Inhibitors (Plavix, Brilinta, Effient)

Work with aspirin to prevent clots, especially important after stent placement.

Clopidogrel (Plavix): Most commonly used. Take once daily. Avoid omeprazole (Prilosec).
Ticagrelor (Brilinta): More potent. Take twice daily. Don't use aspirin doses >100mg.
Prasugrel (Effient): Most potent. Not for patients with prior stroke. Take once daily.

After stent: You'll typically take both aspirin AND a P2Y12 inhibitor for 6-12+ months. Stopping early can cause a life-threatening stent clot. Never stop without doctor approval.

Blood Thinners (Anticoagulants)

These medications prevent blood clots from forming. They're commonly used for atrial fibrillation, certain valve conditions, and blood clots.

DOACs (Direct Oral Anticoagulants)

Newer blood thinners that don't require regular blood monitoring:

Eliquis (apixaban): Twice daily. Most commonly prescribed.
Xarelto (rivaroxaban): Once daily. Take with food.
Pradaxa (dabigatran): Twice daily. Keep in original container.
Savaysa (edoxaban): Once daily.
Advantages: No dietary restrictions, no regular blood tests, fewer drug interactions.

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Older blood thinner that requires more monitoring but may be preferred for some conditions (mechanical heart valves).

Important with Warfarin:

  • • Regular INR blood tests required
  • • Keep vitamin K intake consistent (don't suddenly change)
  • • Many drug interactions — always check
  • • Target INR usually 2.0-3.0 (higher for some conditions)

Statins (Cholesterol Medications)

Statins are the most effective medications for lowering LDL cholesterol and are proven to reduce heart attacks, strokes, and death from heart disease.

Common Statins

  • • Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
  • • Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
  • • Simvastatin (Zocor)
  • • Pravastatin (Pravachol)

Benefits Beyond Cholesterol

  • • Stabilize plaques in arteries
  • • Reduce inflammation
  • • Protect blood vessel lining
  • • Reduce heart attack risk 25-35%

About Muscle Symptoms

Some people experience muscle aches with statins. If this happens, tell your doctor — there are many options including different statins, lower doses, or alternative medications. The benefits of statins usually far outweigh the risks.

Blood Pressure Medications

ACE Inhibitors

Lisinopril, Enalapril, Ramipril

End in '-pril'. May cause dry cough.

ARBs

Losartan, Valsartan, Olmesartan

End in '-sartan'. Alternative if ACE causes cough.

Beta-Blockers

Metoprolol, Carvedilol, Atenolol

End in '-olol'. Slow heart rate. Don't stop suddenly.

Calcium Channel Blockers

Amlodipine, Diltiazem, Verapamil

May cause ankle swelling, constipation.

Diuretics

Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide

Water pills. Take in morning. Monitor potassium.

Nitrates

Nitroglycerin, Isosorbide

For chest pain. Don't use with Viagra/Cialis.

Medication Tips

  • Use a pill organizerWeekly containers help you track doses
  • Set daily remindersPhone alarms or apps like Medisafe
  • Take at the same time dailyHelps build a habit and maintain steady levels
  • Keep an updated medication listInclude doses and times; share with all doctors
  • Don't run outRefill when you have 1 week supply left
  • Report side effectsThere are often alternatives if you have problems
  • Never double upIf you miss a dose, ask your pharmacist what to do

Before Any Procedure

Always tell your doctor about your medications before:

  • • Surgery
  • • Dental procedures
  • • Colonoscopy
  • • Any invasive procedure

You may need to hold certain medications temporarily.

Drug Interactions

Ask your pharmacist or doctor before taking:

  • • NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen)
  • • Herbal supplements
  • • Antacids
  • • Cold medications
  • • Erectile dysfunction drugs

Questions About Medications?

Never hesitate to ask about your medications. We're here to help.

Contact Us(702) 805-5678