Back to Patient Education
Prevention & Lifestyle

Heart-Healthy Diet Guidelines

What you eat has a profound impact on your heart health. Learn the dietary principles that can help prevent and manage heart disease.

The Foundation: Mediterranean & DASH Diets

Research consistently shows that the Mediterranean diet and DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet are among the most effective eating patterns for heart health. They share many common principles:

🥬

Plant-Based Focus

Plenty of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes

🐟

Healthy Proteins

Fish, poultry, nuts, and beans instead of red meat

🫒

Good Fats

Olive oil, avocados, and nuts; limit saturated fats

Foods to Enjoy

Vegetables & Fruits

  • • Aim for 5+ servings daily
  • • Choose a variety of colors
  • • Leafy greens (spinach, kale)
  • • Berries, citrus, apples
  • • Tomatoes, peppers, broccoli
  • • Fresh, frozen, or canned (low sodium)

Whole Grains

  • • Oatmeal and oat bran
  • • Whole wheat bread and pasta
  • • Brown rice, quinoa, barley
  • • Look for "100% whole grain"
  • • Aim for 3+ servings daily
  • • High in fiber to lower cholesterol

Healthy Proteins

  • • Fish 2-3 times per week (salmon, tuna, mackerel)
  • • Skinless poultry
  • • Beans, lentils, legumes
  • • Nuts and seeds (unsalted)
  • • Tofu and soy products
  • • Eggs in moderation

Healthy Fats

  • • Extra virgin olive oil
  • • Avocados
  • • Nuts (almonds, walnuts)
  • • Seeds (flax, chia)
  • • Fatty fish (omega-3s)
  • • Use instead of butter/lard

Foods to Limit or Avoid

Limit These

  • Sodium: Less than 2,300mg/day (ideally 1,500mg)
  • Saturated fat: Less than 7% of calories
  • Added sugars: Limit to 25g (women) or 36g (men) daily
  • Red meat: Limit to 1-2 times per week
  • Alcohol: Men: ≤2 drinks/day, Women: ≤1 drink/day

Avoid These

  • Trans fats: Partially hydrogenated oils
  • Processed meats: Bacon, sausage, deli meats
  • Sugary drinks: Soda, sweetened juices
  • Fried foods: Deep-fried anything
  • Highly processed snacks: Chips, cookies, pastries

Special Considerations

If You're on Blood Thinners (Warfarin)

Vitamin K affects how warfarin works. The key is consistency, not avoidance:

  • • Keep your vitamin K intake consistent day-to-day
  • • Don't suddenly increase or decrease leafy greens
  • • Tell your doctor about dietary changes
  • • DOACs (Eliquis, Xarelto) don't have these restrictions

If You Have Heart Failure

Fluid and sodium restrictions may be more important:

  • • Sodium often limited to 1,500-2,000mg/day
  • • Fluid may be restricted to 1.5-2 liters/day
  • • Weigh yourself daily to monitor fluid
  • • Follow your doctor's specific guidelines

If You Have Diabetes

Blood sugar control is crucial for heart health:

  • • Choose complex carbs over simple sugars
  • • Monitor carbohydrate intake
  • • Eat at regular times
  • • Work with a dietitian for personalized guidance

Practical Tips

  • Read labelsCheck sodium, saturated fat, and added sugars
  • Cook at homeRestaurant meals are often high in sodium and fat
  • Plan aheadMeal prep makes healthy eating easier
  • Don't skip mealsRegular eating prevents overeating later
  • Watch portionsEven healthy foods can be overeaten
  • Stay hydratedWater is the best choice (unless fluid restricted)
  • Make gradual changesSmall steps lead to lasting habits

Daily Goals

  • Vegetables3-4 servings
  • Fruits2-3 servings
  • Whole grains3+ servings
  • Fish2-3x/week
  • Sodium<2,300mg
  • Saturated fat<7% calories

Need Personalized Guidance?

Our team can help you develop a heart-healthy eating plan tailored to your needs.

Contact Us(702) 805-5678